![css widows and orphans css widows and orphans](https://pbs.twimg.com/media/Cz3_Nq6WEAA3NN5.jpg)
Odio tincidunt arcu dui sit penatibus sed pellentesque natoque. In quis libero dictum Vestibulum tincidunt ante mollis neque ut. Neque In tempor Nullam iaculis consequat eget Nam Mauris convallis justo. Massa convallis tincidunt nec eget accumsan adipiscing vitae. Nulla Phasellus est eget orci Cum ante quam Vestibulum id. VestibulumĬonsectetuer enim Donec at orci dictum penatibus auctor accumsan pretium. A dangling line at the top of the next page will cause a bigger blank gap as the entire paragraph may move to the next page.Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetuer nascetur suscipit pharetra Praesent Duis.įelis Nam pretium Vestibulum pretium ut ac lobortis quis ultrices dolor. With 3 or 4 the blank space will be more variable in size than with 2, where it will vary as not every page break splits a paragraph and not every split paragraph has too small a widow or orphan. Sometimes there may runs of pages where the paragraphs happen to end at the bottom of a page, so even with 3 you'd not get the big block of white space. If you have poor short term memory and/or find reading difficult, you might even want 3 or 4 rather than 2 and not 1, which is really the do nothing setting. So material on paper may set a minimum of two isolated lines (or even three), thus the default in kobo and many wordprocessors of two, which is thus the minimum number of widowed or orphaned lines. They might check to see (on paper) if they flipped two pages, or have to turn back. The reason to have white space is that if there is an isolated one line (or maybe two) some people can lose the context when they flip the page. Loosening or tightening the spacing on one line or one word can be enough to force a change. Apply changes globally throughout the document or only in certain areas. Use tracking and kerning to change line endings. These are the names of the two parts no matter if it's a Brontë 50 line paragraph split into two equal parts. Manually hyphenating some lines eliminates some widows and orphans without changing entire sections of a document. Just to clarify, ANY paragraph split across a page boundary has a Widow and an Orphan. If you never have blank space, then some paragraphs will have 1 line widows or orphans.
![css widows and orphans css widows and orphans](https://www.vojtechruzicka.com/static/b83f68a547e74b8ee429318509975685/0e329/css-printing.jpg)
If you have variable blank space at the bottom of a page you are avoiding (removing) small widows & orphans.
![css widows and orphans css widows and orphans](https://shots.codepen.io/rbultitude/pen/BowxZL-800.jpg)
That's why a setting of 0 has no meaning and is interpreted as 1.Ĭhanging the margins, font face, font size and line spacing only changes where paragraphs are broken across a page boundary.
![css widows and orphans css widows and orphans](https://basicweb.ru/css/primer/824.png)
It means the bottom of the page can have as few as 1 lines of the next paragraph, or the top of the page can have as few as 1 line from the previous paragraph, so there is no "wasted space". So with 1 you have the maximum occurrence of a widow or orphan. Setting it to 2 increases likelihood of blank space due to moving part of a paragraph to the top of the next page to avoid an isolated line of the start or end of a paragraph. Setting it to 1 removes blank space caused by removal of widows and orphans. It doesn't seem to work why on my 2011 Kindle and anyway surely widows and orphans can't be completely gone with adjustable text size?